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1964–During a Beatles photo shoot with photographer, John Launois, for the U.S. magazine The Saturday Evening Post, Ringo Starr collapses, suffering from tonsillitis and pharyngitis, and is hospitalized. Brian Epstein and George Martin arrange for a temporary drummer, Jimmy Nicol, to take Ringo's place for the first part of a European tour. Just 27 hours later, Jimmy Nicol would be performing live with The Beatles in Copenhagen, Denmark.


350–Roman usurper, Nepotianus, of the Constantinian Dynasty, proclaims himself Roman Emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators.

713–Byzantine Emperor, Philippicus, is blinded, deposed and sent into exile by conspirators of the Opsikion army in Thrace. He is succeeded by Anastasios II, who begins the reorganization of the Byzantine army.

1140–French scholar, Peter Abelard, is found guilty of heresy.

1326–The Treaty of Novgorod delineates borders between Russia and Norway in Finnmark.

1395–Ivan Shishman of Bulgaria dies in Nikopol, Bulgaria. The authority of Shishman was limited to the central parts of the Bulgarian Empire. His indecisive and inconsistent policy did little to prevent the fall of his country under Ottoman rule. In 1393, the Ottoman Turks seized the capital Tarnovo. Two years later, they captured Ivan Shishman's last strongholds and executed him.

1537–João Manuel, Prince of Portugal, is born at the Royal Palace of Evora in Evora.

1539–Hernándo de Soto claims Florida for Spain.

1608–Samuel de Champlain completes his third voyage to New France at Tadoussac, Quebec.

1621–The Dutch West India Company receives a charter for New Netherlands (New York).

1636–Minister, John Hale, is born in Charlestown, Massachusetts. He was the Puritan pastor of Beverly, Massachusetts, during the Salem Witch Trials in 1692. As one of the most prominent and influential ministers associated with the witch trials, he was noted as having initially supported the trials and then changing his mind and publishing a critique against of them.

1658–Pope Alexander VII appoints François de Laval vicar apostolic in New France.

1665–James Stuart, Duke of York (later to become King James II of England), defeats the Dutch fleet off the coast of Lowestoft.

1780–British journalist, William Hone, is born in Bath, England. He is best known for the first exposés of the conditions of insane asylums in Great Britain, and for his battles to win freedom of speech. In 1819, he came out with a political satire, The Political House That Jack Built. He was charged with sedition, and in a landmark case centering on freedom of speech, won his own acquittal, which made him a hero for writers across England.

1781–Jack Jouett begins his midnight ride to warn Thomas Jefferson and the Virginia legislature of an impending raid by Banastre Tarleton.

1800–President John Adams takes up residence in Washington, D.C. He lives in a tavern because the White House is not yet completed.

1808–Jefferson (Finis) Davis, President of the Confederate States of America (1861-1865) during the American Civil War, is born in Christian County, Kentucky.

1818–The last of the Maratha Wars between the British and the Maratha Confederacy in India ends, securing British supremacy in India.

1839–In Humen, China, Lin Tse-hsü destroys 1.2 million kg of opium confiscated from British merchants, providing Britain with a casus belli to open hostilities, resulting in the First Opium War.

1843–FrederickVIII of Denmark is born at The Yellow Palace in Copenhagen, Denmark.

1850–Kansas City, Missouri, is founded.

1860–A tornado completely destroys Comanche, Iowa.

1862–A 3,000-strong riot occurs at Wardsend Cemetery in Sheffield, England, due to rumours of bodysnatching from the grounds.

1864–Ransom Eli Olds, auto and truck manufacturer, is born in Geneva, Ohio. He was a pioneer of the American automotive industry, for whom both the Oldsmobile and REO brands were named. The modern assembly line and its basic concept is credited to Olds, who used it to build the first mass-produced automobile, the Oldsmobile Curved Dash, beginning in 1901.

1865–George V, King of England (1910-1936), is born George Frederick Ernest Albert at Marlborough House, London, England.

1866–The Fenians are driven out of Fort Erie, Ontario, into the United States.

1871–Jesse James and his gang rob the Obocock Bank in Corydon, Iowa, taking $15,000.

1875–Composer, Georges Bizet, dies of a heart attack in Bougival, France, at age 36. Best known for his operas in a career cut short by his early death, Bizet achieved few successes before his final work, Carmen, which has become one of the most popular and frequently performed works in the entire opera repertoire.

1880–Maria Alexandrovna, German-Russian wife of Alexander II of Russia, dies at the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg, Russian Empire, at age 55.

1885–In the last military engagement fought on Canadian soil, the Cree leader, Big Bear, escapes the North-West Mounted Police.

1888–The poem, “Casey at the Bat,” by Ernest Lawrence Thayer, is published in The San Francisco Examiner.

1889–The Canadian Pacific Railway is completed from coast to coast.

1889–The first long-distance electric power transmission line in America is completed, running 14 miles between a generator at Willamette Falls and downtown Portland, Oregon.

1899–Composer, Johann Strauss, Jr., dies of Pleura-pneumonia in Vienna, Austria, at age 73. At the time of his death, he was still composing his ballet Aschenbrödel. He composed over 500 waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, and other types of dance music, as well as several operettas and a ballet. In his lifetime, he was known as "The Waltz King," and was largely responsible for the popularity of the waltz in Vienna during the 19th century. His most famous piece of music is The Blue Danube.

1900–The International Ladies' Garment Workers Union is founded.

1901–Actor, Maurice (Herbert) Evans, is born in Dorchester, Dorset, England. He is best known for the role of Samantha Stephens' father, Maurice, on the TV sitcom Bewitched. He appeared in the films Checkmate, Scrooge, Gilbert and Sullivan, The War Lord, Jack of Diamonds, Planet of the Apes, Rosemary’s Baby, The Body Stealers, Beneath the Planet of the Apes, Terror in the Wax Museum, and The Jerk.

1906–Dancer-singer, Josephine Baker, is born Freda Josephine McDonald in St. Louis, Missouri. She came to be known in various circles as the "Black Pearl," "Bronze Venus," and the "Creole Goddess." She became a citizen of France in 1937, opened in "La Revue Nègre" on October 2, 1925, at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, becoming an instant success for her erotic dancing and for appearing practically nude on stage. She starred in The Folies Bergère, setting the standard for her future performances. She assisted the French Resistance during World War II, and received the French military honor, the Croix de guerre. She was also made a Chevalier of the Légion d'honneur by General Charles de Gaulle.

1911–Actress, Paulette Goddard, is born Marion Goddard Levy in Whitestone Landing, Queens, New York. She appeared in the films The Mouthpiece, Pack Up Your Troubles, The Bowery, Roman Scandals, Modern Times, The Bohemian Girl, The Women, The Great Dictator, Reap the Wild Wind, Duffy’s Tavern, Kitty, and Anna Lucasta. She was married to actor Charlie Chaplin, then to actor Burgess Meredith, and finally to German-American novelist, Erich Maria Remarque.

1913–Character actress, Ellen Corby, is born Ellen Hansen in Racine, Wisconsin. She is best known for the role of Grandma on the TV series The Waltons. She appeared in the films The Spiral Staircase, Sister Kenney, It’s a Wonderful Life, The Long Night, The Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer, Forever Amber, I Remember Mama, Little Women, Mighty Joe Young, Harriet Craig, Angels in the Outfield, Shane, Sabrina, Vertigo, Visit to a Small Planet, 4 for Texas, Hush... Hush, Sweet Charlotte, and Please Don't Eat the Daisies.

1916–The National Defense Act is signed into law, increasing the size of the U.S. National Guard by 450,000 men, and establishing the Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC).

1917–Actor, Leo Gorcey, is born Leo Bernard Gorcey in New York, New York. He is best known for the role as the leader of the group of young hooligans known variously in the movies as the Dead End Kids, The East Side Kids, and The Bowery Boys.

1921–A sudden cloudburst kills 120 people near Pikes Peak, Colorado.

1924–The Gila Wilderness Area is established by the U.S. Forest Service.

1924–Actress, Colleen (Rose) Dewhurst, is born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. She was a renowned interpreter of the works of Eugene O’Neill on the stage, and her career also encompassed film, early dramas on live television, and Joseph Papp's New York Shakespeare Festival. She appeared in the films The Nun’s Story, Man on a String, A Fine Madness, The Cowboys, Annie Hall, Ice Castles, When a Stranger Calls, Tribute, The Dead Zone, and Dying Young. She was married to actor, George C. Scott (twice), and their son is actor, Campbell Scott.

1924–Blues guitarist, Jimmy Rogers, is born James A. Lane in Ruleville, Mississippi. He is best known for his work as a member of Muddy Waters' band in the 1950s. In the early 1960s, Rogers briefly worked as a member of Howling Wolf's band, before quitting the music business altogether for almost a decade.

1924–Novelist, Franz Kafka, dies of laryngeal tuberculosis in Klosterneuburg, Lower Austria, Austria, at age 40. He is best known for his books Metamorphosis, The Trial, and Amerika. He is regarded by critics as one of the most influential authors of the 20th century.

1925–Actor, Tony Curtis, is born Bernard Schwartz in the Bronx, New York. He appeared in the films Meet Danny Wilson, Flesh and Fury, Houdini, Beachhead, Trapeze, Mister Cory, The Sweet Smell of Success, The Defiant Ones, The Perfect Furlough, Some Like It Hot, Operation Petticoat, Who Was That Lady?, The Rat Race, Spartacus, The Great Imposter, Tara Bulba, 40 Pounds of Trouble, Captian Newman, M.D., Paris When It Sizzles, Goodbye Charlie, Sex and the Single Girl, The Great Race, Boeing Boeing, Not with My Wife You Don’t, Arrivederci, Baby, Don’t Make Waves, The Boston Strangler, Lepke, Sextette, The Manitou, The Mirror Crack’d, and Insignificance. He was married to actress, Janet Leigh, and their daughter is actress, Jamie Lee Curtis.

1925–Astronomer, Camille Flammarion, dies in Juvisy-sur-Orge, France, at age 83. He was a prolific author of more than 50 titles, including popular astronomy works, several early science fiction novels, and works on psychical research and related topics. Beginning in 1882, he published the magazine L'Astronomie. He was also a member of the Theosophical Society.

1926–Beat Generation poet, (Irwin) Allen Ginsberg, is born in Newark, New Jersey. He was one of the leading figures of both the Beat Generation of the 1950s, and the counterculture of the 1960s. He vigorously opposed militarism, economic materialism, and sexual repression. Ginsberg is best known for his epic poem, "Howl," in which he denounced what he saw as the destructive forces of capitalism and conformity in the United States.

1927–Saxophone player, Boots Randolph, is born Homer Louis Randolph III in Paducah, Kentucky. He had a big hit with Yakety Sax.

1928–Li Yuanhong, second President of the Republic of China, dies in Tianjin, Republic of China, at age 63.

1929–Actor, Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. marries actress, Joan Crawford, at St. Malachy in New York City.

1929–Entertainer, Chuck Barris, is born Charles Hirsch Barris in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He was a game show creator, producer, and host. Barris formed his production company, Chuck Barris Productions, on June 14, 1965. He is best known for hosting The Gong Show and creating The Dating Game and The Newlywed Game.

1935–One thousand unemployed Canadian workers board freight cars in Vancouver, British Columbia, beginning a protest trek to Ottawa.

1936–Novelist, Larry (Jeff) McMurtry, is born in Archer City, Texas. McMurtry won the Pulitzer Prize in 1986, for his novel Lonesome Dove. He also wrote The Last Picture Show, Horseman, Pass By (which later became the film, Hud, starring Paul Newman), and Terms of Endearment. He also co-wrote the adapted screenplay for Brokeback Mountain. While at Stanford University, he became a rare-book scout. In 1988, he opened his book store, Booked Up, in Archer City, which is one of the largest single used bookstores in the United States, carrying somewhere between 400,000 and 450,000 titles. Citing economic pressures from Internet bookselling, McMurtry came close to shutting down the store in 2005, but chose to keep it open after an outpouring of public support. However, in early 2012, the decision was finally made to downsize and sell off the greater portion of his inventory. An auction was conducted on August 10th and 11th, and was overseen by Addison & Sarova Auctioneers of Macon, Georgia. The books that were sold were those being stored in Buildings 2, 3, and 4; with Building 1 remaining open with books for sale to the general public for the foreseeable future. This epic book auction sold books by the shelf, and was billed as "The Last Booksale," in keeping with the title of McMurtry's award-winning novel The Last Picture Show. Dealers, collectors, and gawkers came out en masse from all corners of the country to witness the historic auction.

1937–The Duke of Windsor, who had abdicated the British throne, marries Wallis Warfield Simpson.

1938–The German Reich votes to confiscate so-called “degenerate art,” including work by the Bauhaus school, and all work which is not of the classical or academic style.

1939–A chart topper: The Beer Barrel Polka by Will Glahe.

1939–Ian Hunter, of Mott the Hoople, is born Ian Hunter Patterson in Oswestry, Shropshire, England. The group’s biggest hit was All the Young Dudes.

1940–During World War II, the Luftwaffe bombs Paris, France, and the Battle of Dunkirk ends with a German victory and Allied forces in full retreat.

1940–Franz Rademacher proposes plans to make Madagascar the "Jewish homeland," an idea that had first been considered by 19th-century journalist, Theodor Herzl.

1941–The Wehrmacht razes the Greek village of Kandanos to the ground and murders 180 of its inhabitants.

1942–Japan begins the Aleutian Islands Campaign by bombing Unalaska Island.

1942–Singer-songwriter, Curtis (Lee) Mayfield, is born in Chicago, Illinois. He first achieved success and recognition with The Impressions during the Civil Rights Movement of the late 1950s and 1960s, and later worked as a solo artist. His hits include Move On Up, Freddie’s Dead, and Superfly.

1943–In Los Angeles, California, U.S. Navy sailors and Marines clash with Latino youths, starting the week-long “Zoot Suit Riots.”

1946–The International Military Tribunal opens in Tokyo, Japan, against 28 Japanese war criminals.

1946–The first bikini bathing suit goes on sale in Paris, France.

1946–Michael Clarke, of The Byrds, is born Michael James Dick in Spokane, Washington.

1946–Actress, Penelope (Alice) Wilton, is born in Scarborough, North Riding of Yorkshire, England. She is best known for her role on the BBC production Downton Abbey. She appeared in the films Joseph Andrews, The French Lieutenant's Woman, Clockwise, Cry Freedom, Carrington, Iris, Calendar Girls, Match Point, The History Boys, and The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel.

1947–Special effects artist and film producer, John (Charles) Dykstra, is born in Long Beach, California. He was one of the original founders of Industrial Light & Magic, the special effects and computer graphics division of Lucasfilm. He is well known as the special effects lead on the original Star Wars, helping bring the visuals for lightsabers and space battles between X-Wings/TIE Fighters and Force powers to the screen. His other films include Silent Running, Lifeforce, Invaders from Mars, My Stepmother is an Alien, Batman Forever, Stuart Little, Spider-Man, and Godzilla.

1947–Mickey Finn, of T.Rex, is born Michael Norman Finn in Thornton Heath, Surrey, England.

1948–Korczak Ziolkowski begins the mountainside sculpture of Crazy Horse.

1949–Country singer, Hank Williams, makes his last appearance on Shreveport's Louisiana Hayride.

1950–A French expedition (Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal) reaches the top of the Himalayan peak of Annapurna in Nepal.

1950–Screenwriter, Melissa (Marie) Mathison, is born in Los Angeles, California. Her films include The Black Stallion, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, Twilight Zone: The Movie, and The Indian in the Cupboard. She was married to actor, Harrison Ford.

1950–Rocker, Suzi Quatro, is born Susan Kay Quatro in Detroit, Michigan. She was the first female bass player to become a major rock star, breaking a barrier to women's participation in rock music. She played the character of Leather Tuscadero on the TV series Happy Days. Her hits include All Shook Up and Roxy Roller.

1951–Jill Biden is born Jill Tracy Jacobs in Hammonton, New Jersey. As the wife of Vice President Joe Biden, she was the 47th Second Lady of the United States.

1951–Singer, Christopher Cross, is born Christopher Charles Geppert in San Antonio, Texas. He had big hits with Ride Like the Wind, Sailing, and The Best That You Can Do (The Theme from Arthur).

1954–Singer, Dan Hill, is born Daniel Grafton Hill IV in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. He had a big hit with Sometimes When We Touch. His brother is author, Lawrence Hill.

1955–A car dealership in Lubbock, Texas, holds a promotional autograph signing for two rising stars, Buddy Holly and Elvis Presley.

1955–Convicted murderer, Barbara Graham, dies in the gas chamber at San Quentin Prison, San Quentin, California, at age 31. Nicknamed "Bloody Babs" by the press, Graham was the third woman to be executed by gas in California.

1959–The internal self-governance of Singapore is proclaimed.

1959–While in the U.S. Army, Elvis Presley comes down with tonsillitis. He enters the base hospital in Germany, and remains there for six days, while a search is underway for a doctor who will operate on the famous throat. No one steps forward, and the inflammation is instead allowed to run its course.

1959–Thunderstorms in northwestern Kansas produce up to 18 inches of hail during the early evening. Crops are completely destroyed, and total damage from the storm is about $500.000. The hail falls for a record 85 minutes and the temperature drops from 80 degrees (prior to the storm) to 38 degrees at the height of the storm.

1962–An Air France Boeing 707 crashes on takeoff from Paris, France, killing 130 passengers.

1963–Soldiers of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam attack protesting Buddhists in Hue, South Vietnam, with liquid chemicals from tear-gas grenades, causing 67 people to be hospitalised for blistering of the skin and respiratory ailments.

1963–A Northwest Airlines DC-7 crashes in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of British Columbia, killing 101 people.

1963–Pope John XXIII dies of stomach cancer at Apostolic Palace, Vatican City, Italy, at age 81.

1964–During a Beatles photo shoot with photographer, John Launois, for the U.S. magazine The Saturday Evening Post, Ringo Starr collapses, suffering from tonsillitis and pharyngitis, and is hospitalized. Brian Epstein and George Martin arrange for a temporary drummer, Jimmy Nicol, to take Ringo's place for the first part of a European tour. Just 27 hours later, Jimmy Nicol would be performing live with The Beatles in Copenhagen, Denmark.

1965–Major Edward White becomes the first U.S. astronaut to walk in space, when he steps outside his Gemini 4 spacecraft to float for 21 minutes.

1967–A chart topper: Respect by Aretha Franklin.

1967–The Doors’ single, Light My Fire, is released.

1967–Jefferson Airplane appears on American Bandstand, lip-syncing White Rabbit and Somebody to Love.

1967–News reporter, Anderson (Hays) Cooper, is born in New York, New York. He is a journalist, author, and television personality. He is the primary anchor of the CNN news show Anderson Cooper 360°. In 1995, Cooper became a correspondent for ABC News, eventually rising to the position of co-anchor on its overnight World News Now program on September 21, 1999. In 2000, he switched career paths, taking a job for two seasons as the host of ABC's reality show The Mole. His mother is fashion designer, Gloria Vanderbilt. Cooper has two older half-brothers, Leopold Stanislaus Stokowski and Christopher Stokowski, from his mother's 10-year marriage to conductor, Leopold Stokowski. His maternal grandparents were millionaire equestrian, Reginald Claypoole Vanderbilt, and socialite, Gloria Morgan Vanderbilt; his maternal great-great-great-grandfather was Cornelius Vanderbilt of the prominent Vanderbilt shipping and railroad fortune.

1968–Pop artist, Andy Warhol, is shot and critically wounded in his New York film studio, The Factory, by Valerie Solanas, an actress and self-styled militant feminist. She was the author of the SCUM Manifesto. This story is told in the film I Shot Andy Warhol.

1969–Off the coast of South Vietnam, the Australian aircraft carrier HMAS Melbourne cuts the U.S. Navy destroyer USS Frank E. Evans in half.

1969–The last episode of of the TV series, Star Trek, airs on NBC-TV.

1970–The first artificial gene is synthesized.

1970–Ray Davies, of The Kinks, jets from New York to London to re-record one word in the song Lola. The BBC had banned commercial references in songs, so he replaces “Coca-Cola” with “cherry cola.”

1973–A Soviet supersonic Tupolev Tu-144 crashes near Goussainville, France, killing 14 people. This is the first crash of a supersonic passenger aircraft.

1973–John Lennon and Yoko Ono attend the International Feminist Planning Conference at Harvard University, near Boston, Massachusetts. During the day, they are interviewed by journalist Danny Schechter. Lennon explains his lack of musical activity for the last few months by saying: “I either write songs or I don’t. It’s getting to be work. It’s ruining the music. Every time I strap on a guitar, it’s the same old jazz. I just feel like breathing a bit.”

1975–Actor, Ozzie Nelson, dies of liver cancer at his home in the San Fernando Valley, California, at age 69. He was the creative genuis behind the TV series The Adventures of Ozzie & Harriet.

1975–Eisaku Sato, Premier of Japan, dies from a stroke in Tokyo, Japan, at age 74.

1976–The U.S. is presented with the oldest known copy of the Magna Carta.

1977–Film director, Roberto Rossellini, dies in Rome, Italy, at age 71. His films include The White Ship, A Pilot Returns, The Man with a Cross, Desiderio, Europa ‘51, and Viva l'Italia!

1979–A blowout at the Ixtoc I oil well in the southern Gulf of Mexico causes at least 600,000 tons (176,400,000 gallons) of oil to be spilled.

1980–Seven tornadoes hit Grand Island, Nebraska, killing five people and damaging 357 single-family homes, 33 mobile homes, 85 apartments, and 49 businesses. The storm causes $300 million in damages..

1982–Israeli Ambassador to the United Kingdom, Shlomo Argov, is shot on a street in London, England. He survives, but is permanently paralysed.

1982–Elvis Presley's Graceland mansion in Memphis, Tennessee, opens to the public as a tourist attraction.

1982–The 55th National Spelling Bee: Molly Dieveney wins, spelling psoriasis.

1983–It is announced that Abbey Road Studios in London, England, will be opening its doors to the general public.

1983–While undergoing psychiatric treatment, Jim Gordon (drummer for Derek and the Dominoes) murders his mother in their home with a hammer and knife. He is sentenced to life in prison.

1984–Operation Blue Star, a military offensive, is launched by the Indian government at Harmandir Sahib, also known as the Golden Temple (the holiest shrine for the Sikhs), in Amritsar. Over 5,000 people are killed.

1989–The government of China sends troops to force protesters out of Tiananmen Square in Beijing, after seven weeks of occupation. Hundreds of students are shot and killed.

1989–Ruhollah Khomeini, Iranian Ayatollah, dies after suffering five heart attacks in 10 days in Tehran, Iran, at age 86. At the time of his death, Khomeini was said to be suffering from both intestinal and prostate cancer. Iranians poured into the streets in enormous numbers to mourn Khomeini's death in a spontaneous outpouring of grief. In the scorching summer heat, fire trucks sprayed water on the crowds to cool them. Ten mourners were trampled to death, more than 400 were badly hurt, and several thousand more were treated for injuries sustained in the ensuing pandemonium. Official Iranian estimates gave the size of the crowds, lining the 20-mile route to Tehrans Behesht-e Zahra cemetery on June 11, 1989, as 10,200,000 people; that is one-sixth of the population of Iran. Western agencies estimated that two million people paid their respects as the body lay in state.

1991–Mount Unzen erupts in Kysh, Japan, killing 43 people, all of them either researchers or journalists.

1991–To pay off his mounting back takes to the IRS, Willie Nelson releases a new album entitled Who'll Buy My Memories: The IRS Tapes.

1992–Aboriginal land rights are granted in Australia in Mabo v. Queensland (No 2), a case brought by Eddie Mabo.

1992–William M. Gaines, publisher of Mad magazine, dies in his sleep in Manhattan, New York, at age 70. His comic books, including Tales from the Crypt, The Vault of Horror, Shock SuspenStories, Weird Science, and Two-Fisted Tales, featured stories with content above the level of the typical comic.

1992–Actor, Robert Morley, dies from a stroke in Reading, Berkshire, England, at age 84. He appeared in the films The Small Back Room, The African Queen, Curtain Up, Beat the Devil, Around the World in 80 Days, Law and Disorder, The Sheriff of Fractured Jaw, The Journey, The Doctor’s Dilemma, Battle of the Sexes, The Young Ones, The Road to Hong Kong, Of Human Bondage, Topkapi, The Loved One, Life at the Top, Way... Way Out, Twinky, Who Is Killing the Great Chefs of Europe?, High Road to China, and Little Dorrit.

1993–The 66th National Spelling Bee: Geoff Hooper wins, spelling kamikaze.

1994–Rocker, Eddie Vedder, marries Beth Liebling.

1995–J. Presper Eckert, co-inventor of the first electronic computer ENIAC, dies of leukemia in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, at age 76.

1997–The USDA announces it will ban manufacturers from using most slaughtered animal parts in feed for farm animals to protect the U.S. food supply from mad cow disease.

1997–TV personality and announcer, Dennis James, dies of lung cancer in Palm Springs, California, at age 79. He hosted the shows Stop the Music, Name That Tune, The (New) Price Is Right, People Will Talk, and PDQ.

1998–An ICE high speed train derails in Lower Saxony, Germany, killing 101 people.

1999–An art exhibition by Cynthia Lennon and her childhood friend, Phyllis McKenzie, opens at KDK Gallery in London, England. Cynthia was the first wife of John Lennon and they attended art school together in Liverpool.

2001–Actor, Anthony Quinn, dies of pneumonia and respiratory failure in Boston, Massachusetts, at age 86. He appeared in the films Road to Singapore, Blood and Sand, They Died with Their Boots On, Road to Morocco, The Ox-Bow Incident, Back to Bataan, Viva Zapata!, La Strada, Lust for Life, The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Wild is the Wind, Portrait in Black, The Guns of Navarone, Requiem for a Heavyweight, Lawrence of Arabia, Zorba the Greek, The Happening, The Shoes of the Fisherman, The Don is Dead, The Greek Tycoon, Revenge, Jungle Fever, and A Walk in the Clouds.

2002–Film executive, Lew Wasserman, dies of complications from a stroke in Beverly Hills, California, at age 89. He was a talent agent and studio executive, sometimes credited with creating, and later taking apart, the studio system.

2006–The union of Serbia and Montenegro comes to an end, with Montenegro's formal declaration of independence.

2006–Actor, Casey Affleck, marries actress-model, Summer Phoenix, in McIntosh County, Georgia. He is the brother of actor, Ben Affleck, and she is the sister of actor, Joaquin Phoenix.

2006–Johnny Grande, of Bill Haley and His Comets, dies in his sleep of cancer-related causes in Clarksville, Tennessee, at age 76.

2009–Jazz musician, Sam Butera, dies of Alzheimer's disease in Las Vegas, Nevada, at age 81. He is best known for his collaborations with Louis Prima and Keely Smith. Butera is frequently regarded as a crossover artist who performed with equal ease in both R & B and the post-Big Band pop style of jazz that permeated the early Vegas nightclub scene.

2009–Actor, David Carradine, dies of autoerotic asphyxiation in Bangkok, Thailand, at age 72. He is best known for his starring role in the TV series Kung Fu. He appeared in the films The Violent Ones, Young Billy Young, Maybe I’ll Come Home in the Spring, Boxcar Bertha, Death Race 2000, Bound for Glory, Gray Lady Down, The Long Riders, Q, Lone Wolf McQuade, Bird on a Wire, Roadside Prophets, Kill Bill: Volumes 1 & 2, and Brothers in Arms.

2010–Actress, Rue McClanahan, dies of a brain hemorrhage in New York, New York, at age 76. She is best known for her co-starring roles in the TV shows Maude and The Golden Girls. She appeared in the films The People Next Door, They Might Be Giants, Mother of the Bride, Annabelle’s Wish, Starship Troopers, and Back to You and Me.

2011–Actor, James Arness, dies of natural causes in Los Angeles, California, at age 88. He is best known for the role of Matt Dillon on the long-running TV Western Gunsmoke. He appeared in the films The Farmer’s Daughter, Wagon Master, Sierra, Two Lost Worlds, The Thing from Another World, The People Against O’Hara, Carbine Williams, Big Jim McLain, Island in the Sky, Hondo, Them!, and Many Rivers to Cross.

2011–Singer-songwriter, Andrew Gold, dies in his sleep from heart failure in Los Angeles, California, at age 59. He had a big hit with the song Lonely Boy. Gold played and recorded with dozens of artists, including Carly Simon, Jennifer Warnes, Linda Ronstadt, Stephen Bishop, America, Nicolette Larson, Neil Diamond, Eric Carmen, Leo Sayer, Freddie Mercury, Karla Bonoff, Paul McCartney, Ringo Starr, John Lennon, Brian Wilson, James Taylor, Roy Orbison, Don Henley, Bette Midler, Diana Ross, and Cher.

2011–Jack Kevorkian, pathologist and right-to-die activist, dies from a thrombosis in Royal Oak, Michigan, at age 83. He is best known for publicly championing a terminal patient's right to die via physician-assisted suicide, and he claimed to have assisted at least 130 patients to that end. He was often portrayed in the media as "Dr. Death."

2012–The pageant for the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II takes place on the River Thames in London, England.

2012–A plane crash in Lagos, Nigeria, kills all 152 passengers and 40 people on the ground.

2013–A suicide bombing in Kabul, Afghanistan, kills 20 people, including 10 children.

2013–The trial of U.S. Army private, Chelsea Manning, begins in Fort Meade, Maryland. She was accused of leaking classified material to WikiLeaks.

2013–At least 119 people are killed in a fire at a poultry farm in Jilin Province, northeastern China.

2013–Football player, Deacon Jones, dies of natural causes in Anaheim Hills, California, at age 74. He was an American football defensive end in the National Football League for the Los Angeles Rams, San Diego Chargers, and the Washington Redskins. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1980.

2016–Samsung releases Gear IconX wireless earbuds with onboard music storage and built-in sensors for tracking steps and heart rate during exercise.

2016–Eleven cars from a 96-car Union Pacific oil train derail, and at least one catches fire, in the Columbia River Gorge near Mosier, Oregon, within about 20 feet of the city's sewage plant.

2016–Heavyweight boxing champion, Muhammad Ali, dies of respiratory complications related to Parkinson’s disease in Scottsdale, Arizona, at age 74. He became the first world heavyweight boxing champion to win the title three times. He is one of the most recognized sports figures of the past 100 years, crowned “Sportsman of the Century” by Sports Illustrated.

2017–Eight people are murdered and dozens of civilians are wounded by Islamist terrorists on the London Bridge in London, England. Three of the attackers are shot dead by the police.

2017–Baseball player, Jimmy Piersall, dies in Wheaton, Illinois at age 87. He was a center fielder who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for five teams, from 1950 through 1967. Piersall was best known for his well-publicized battle with then little-recognized bipolar disorder that became the subject of the book and movie Fear Strikes Out.

2018–Wildfires in California, Colorado, and New Mexico burn 31,000 acres of land, causing thousands of people to evacuate their homes.

2018–The volcano Volcán de Fuego erupts in Guatemala, leaving at least 25 people dead and many others injured. It forces the closure of La Aurora International Airport in Guatemala City.

2018–Writer, Jerry Hopkins, dies in Bangkok, Thailand, at age 82. He was ajournalist and author best known for writing the first biographies of Elvis Presley and Jim Morrison of The Doors, as well as serving for 20 years as a correspondent and contributing editor of Rolling Stone magazine.


PHOTOS TOP TO BOTTOM: Hernándo de Soto; The Yellow Palace in Copenhagen, Denmark; George V, King of England; Johann Strauss, Jr.; Paulette Goddard; Leo Gorcey; Tony Curtis; Larry McMurtry; The Polka King album by Will Glahe; the first bikini; the sculpture of Crazy Horse; Barbara Graham; drummer, Jimmy Nicol, with three of The Beatles; Anderson Cooper; Ray Davies; Elvis Presley at Graceland; Ruhollah Khomeini; Robert Morley; Anthony Quinn; Sam Butera; James Arness; and Deacon Jones.
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